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Science & Technology Strategy and Policy

Integration of Technological Innovation and Industrial Innovation: 

Research on the Development Pathways of China's  Transformed Research Institutes 

Sun Lei 

(China National Machinery Industry Corporation, Beijing 100080, China)

Abstract: Against the backdrop of technological self-reliance and self-strengthening rising  as a major national strategic pillar and state-owned enterprise reform entering a critical stage, transformed research institutes possess both the "mission of technological innovation" to support  national strategies and the "mission of industrial innovation" to propel sectoral advancement. However, the structural friction between the operational logic of public institutions and the devel⁃ opment model of market competition has long left transformed research institutes grappling with  ambiguous positioning and uncertain developmental directions. Drawing on the innovation re⁃ source allocation theory and holistic innovation theory, the paper adopts a progressive analytical  framework encompassing historical review, status quo analysis, theoretical construction, and case  validation. It first systematically traces the developmental trajectory of China's transformed re⁃ search institutes across four historical stages since 1949 and identifies their distinctive strengths. It then proceeds to analyze the deep-seated predicaments confronting these institutes under the  current circumstances, including institutional rigidity, weakening industrial cyclicality, erosion of  generic technology supply capacity, and talent structure imbalances, while simultaneously assess⁃ ing the historic opportunity window created by the interplay of three converging forces—policy de⁃ regulation, market-induced pressure, and technological transformation. On this basis, the paper  proposes a threeinone sustainable development model for transformed research institutes, charac⁃ terized by "mission-oriented, market-driven, and ecosystem-coordinated", and subjects it to em⁃ pirical validation through the case of the Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research. Within the mission-oriented dimension, the model prescribes a dual-track governance mecha⁃ nism that operates a "strategic generic technology track" and an "industrialization track" in paral⁃ lel—the former oriented toward national priority projects and industrial security imperatives, and  the latter subjecting commercially viable business segments to pure market competition. Within  the market-driven dimension, the model establishes institutional mechanisms fully calibrated to  market dynamics: it dismantles institutional barriers to intellectual property rights through the re⁃ form of job-related IP empowerment, stimulates intrinsic research motivation through the sepa⁃ rate accounting policy for job-related IP assets, and employs Integrated Product Development  processes to facilitate the flow of technological outcomes to industry. Within the ecosystemcoordinated dimension, the model adopts a dual-engine strategy that combines the formation of  innovation consortia with the establishment of capital linkages, establishing a self-sustaining  capital-technology cycle of "foundational R&D-capital incubation-asset securitizationreinvestment in R&D", thereby fostering deep integration between the innovation chain and the  industrial chain driven digital and intelligent research paradigm transformation . Furthermore, the paper identifies three foundational capability pillars , composite talent matrix restruc —AI- ⁃ turing of the proposed sustainable development model , and the long-term innovation culture cultivation . Collectively —that underpin the operational viability  , this study aims to provide theoreti⁃ cal references and practical pathways for transformed research institutes to achieve deep integra tion of technological innovation and industrial innovation during the "15th FiveYear Plan" period. 

Key words: transformed research institute; technological innovation; industrial innovation; new quality productive forces ration; digital and intelligent transformation