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Theories and Methods of Science of Science

Enterprise Platformization: Connotation, Mechanism and  Prospects 

Ni Yan1 , Jiang Junpeng2 

(1.Institute of Economics, Hubei Academy of Social Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China; 2.College of Business, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China)

Abstract: As the uncertainty of world economic development intensifies, enterprises face the  risk of disruption of production and supply chains. At the same time, the deep integration of the  digital economy and the real economy, and the accelerated reconstruction of integrated new in⁃ dustries, new models, and new forms of business such as the Industrial Internet and platform  economy provide opportunities for coping with the crisis. In this context, competition between en⁃ terprises is transformed into competition between platforms, and the source of competitive advan tage for enterprises shifts from specific products and services to the comprehensive value propo ⁃ ⁃ sition of the enterprise ecosystem. Among them, the influence of platformization in modern life is  increasingly prominent, as platforms create value by promoting the interaction between enter⁃ prises and individuals. How to realize platformization is related to optimizing resource integra⁃ tion and maintaining and shaping the ecosystem's competitive advantage. Many scholars have begun to devote themselves to the research of enterprise platformiza⁃tion, but there are still some problems, such as its definition not being unified, the research  method being relatively simple, and the discussion of the mechanism being insufficient. Based  on this, this study selects articles published in mainstream authoritative journals to review, de⁃ fines the concept of platformization, summarizes existing research methods, uses Citespace to  analyze the basic information of relevant literature, keyword clustering, and hot spots, and sum⁃ marizes the mechanism of enterprise platform-based transformation. The future research pros⁃ pect of platformization is also proposed. The research finds that on the one hand, studies related to platformization show an increas⁃ ing trend year by year, and there is still a large room for improvement in domestic research. Chi⁃ nese path to modernization, algorithm governance, production socialization and platform ecosys⁃ tem have become domestic research hotspots; peer-to-peer market, ecosystem and coordination  have become the focus of foreign research. On the other hand, in the mechanism of action, the  driving factors of enterprise platformization include external environmental factors such as users  and information and internal factors such as resources and capabilities. The impact results  mainly include the impact of "self-owned" platformization, the impact of "participatory" plat⁃ formization, and the impact on the existing market. Situational factors can be divided into inter⁃ nal factors including platform technology complexity and environmental factors including uncer⁃ tainty. In future research, firstly, the definition of enterprise platformization should be clarified  and its measurement methods should be enriched. Second, we should pay deep attention to how  the enterprise platformization "starts", as well as the driving role of external stakeholder rela⁃ tions and macro environmental factors, and pay attention to the impact of platformization on so⁃ cial performance. Third, we should pay attention to the integration of platformization and global⁃ ization strategy to build supply chain resilience and cope with uncertainty risks. The purpose of  this study is to clarify the context of enterprise platformization and provide a reference for the  follow-up research on platformization. 

Key words: platform; enterprise platformization; mechanism of action