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Intellectual Property Management

Patent Protection and Coopetitive Advantages of Patent Intensive  Industries: Theory and Empirical Evidence 

Tan Chang1 , Zhuang Qinqin2 

(1. School of Economics and Management, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; 2. Institutes of Industrial Economics of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732, China)

Abstract: The rise of global production networks has broken the nested relationship of "firmindustry-country", resulting in a more profound state of competition and cooperation between in⁃ dustries in different countries or regions, thus the importance of intellectual capital and intellec⁃ tual property has become increasingly prominent. This paper focuses on patent intensive indus⁃ tries rich in intellectual capital, interprets the coopetitive tension based on the hypothesis of  competitive dependence to construct the directed coopetitive network of patent intensive indus⁃ tries. Network analysis is adopted to explore the coopetitive network, and the coopetitive advan⁃ tage of each node is represented by both authority advantage and hub advantage, the trends of  which are studied. Empirical analysis is adopted to test the effect of patent protection on the coo⁃ petitive advantage of each node, the inner mechanism of which is further explored in order to  add to the overall cognition of industry coopetitive relation. The study finds that: ①In the coo⁃ petitive network of patent intensive industries, there are two representatives of coopetitive advan⁃ tage of each node, authority advantage and hub advantage. Both authority nodes and hub nodes  have location dominance, authority nodes are significant agglomerations of competitively depen⁃ dent relationships, and hub nodes directly help authority nodes construct location dominance. ② Five different development paths of nodes can be identified in the coopetitive network of patent  intensive industries: the authority advantage of the United States has always maintained the  highest in the overall network, while the hub advantage has slightly increased; China's authority  advantage has slightly increased in stability, but its function as a hub is weakening; Germany  and Japan are alike, with a gradual decline in authority advantage and a significant increase in  hub advantage; the authority advantage of UK has significantly decreased while the hub advan⁃ tage has fluctuated sharply; India's authority and hub are relatively stable. It can be seen that  China, Germany, and Japan are all undergoing a differentiated industrial structure transforma⁃ tion. ③China has significant authority advantage, and the development path tends to further en⁃ hance authority advantage. Compared with other countries or regions, the similarity and substi⁃ tutability between China and the United States are greater, which means more direct coopetitive  pressure. ④The impact of patent protection on coopetitive resilience has two opposite effects of  "strengthening dependence" on received relationship and "reducing dependence" on sent rela⁃ tionship, and the combined effect of strengthening patent protection is significantly beneficial to  the consolidation of authority advantage. The focus of this paper on coopetitive resilience and  patent protection aims to effectively portray the reality of industrial relations in global produc⁃ tion networks and provide valuable reference for the dilemma of patent protection, so as to contribute to the exploration of the future of China's patent intensive industries and the integration  of intellectual property into industrial innovation development, thus helping China's highquality economic development in the 14th Five-Year Plan period. 

Key words: coopetitive resilience; authority advantage; hub advantage; patent protection